Documentation / git-notes.txton commit Merge branch 'nd/index-format-doc' into maint (df54d59)
   1git-notes(1)
   2============
   3
   4NAME
   5----
   6git-notes - Add or inspect object notes
   7
   8SYNOPSIS
   9--------
  10[verse]
  11'git notes' [list [<object>]]
  12'git notes' add [-f] [-F <file> | -m <msg> | (-c | -C) <object>] [<object>]
  13'git notes' copy [-f] ( --stdin | <from-object> <to-object> )
  14'git notes' append [-F <file> | -m <msg> | (-c | -C) <object>] [<object>]
  15'git notes' edit [<object>]
  16'git notes' show [<object>]
  17'git notes' merge [-v | -q] [-s <strategy> ] <notes_ref>
  18'git notes' merge --commit [-v | -q]
  19'git notes' merge --abort [-v | -q]
  20'git notes' remove [--ignore-missing] [--stdin] [<object>...]
  21'git notes' prune [-n | -v]
  22'git notes' get-ref
  23
  24
  25DESCRIPTION
  26-----------
  27Adds, removes, or reads notes attached to objects, without touching
  28the objects themselves.
  29
  30By default, notes are saved to and read from `refs/notes/commits`, but
  31this default can be overridden.  See the OPTIONS, CONFIGURATION, and
  32ENVIRONMENT sections below.  If this ref does not exist, it will be
  33quietly created when it is first needed to store a note.
  34
  35A typical use of notes is to supplement a commit message without
  36changing the commit itself. Notes can be shown by 'git log' along with
  37the original commit message. To distinguish these notes from the
  38message stored in the commit object, the notes are indented like the
  39message, after an unindented line saying "Notes (<refname>):" (or
  40"Notes:" for `refs/notes/commits`).
  41
  42To change which notes are shown by 'git log', see the
  43"notes.displayRef" configuration in linkgit:git-log[1].
  44
  45See the "notes.rewrite.<command>" configuration for a way to carry
  46notes across commands that rewrite commits.
  47
  48
  49SUBCOMMANDS
  50-----------
  51
  52list::
  53        List the notes object for a given object. If no object is
  54        given, show a list of all note objects and the objects they
  55        annotate (in the format "<note object> <annotated object>").
  56        This is the default subcommand if no subcommand is given.
  57
  58add::
  59        Add notes for a given object (defaults to HEAD). Abort if the
  60        object already has notes (use `-f` to overwrite existing notes).
  61        However, if you're using `add` interactively (using an editor
  62        to supply the notes contents), then - instead of aborting -
  63        the existing notes will be opened in the editor (like the `edit`
  64        subcommand).
  65
  66copy::
  67        Copy the notes for the first object onto the second object.
  68        Abort if the second object already has notes, or if the first
  69        object has none (use -f to overwrite existing notes to the
  70        second object). This subcommand is equivalent to:
  71        `git notes add [-f] -C $(git notes list <from-object>) <to-object>`
  72+
  73In `--stdin` mode, take lines in the format
  74+
  75----------
  76<from-object> SP <to-object> [ SP <rest> ] LF
  77----------
  78+
  79on standard input, and copy the notes from each <from-object> to its
  80corresponding <to-object>.  (The optional `<rest>` is ignored so that
  81the command can read the input given to the `post-rewrite` hook.)
  82
  83append::
  84        Append to the notes of an existing object (defaults to HEAD).
  85        Creates a new notes object if needed.
  86
  87edit::
  88        Edit the notes for a given object (defaults to HEAD).
  89
  90show::
  91        Show the notes for a given object (defaults to HEAD).
  92
  93merge::
  94        Merge the given notes ref into the current notes ref.
  95        This will try to merge the changes made by the given
  96        notes ref (called "remote") since the merge-base (if
  97        any) into the current notes ref (called "local").
  98+
  99If conflicts arise and a strategy for automatically resolving
 100conflicting notes (see the -s/--strategy option) is not given,
 101the "manual" resolver is used. This resolver checks out the
 102conflicting notes in a special worktree (`.git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE`),
 103and instructs the user to manually resolve the conflicts there.
 104When done, the user can either finalize the merge with
 105'git notes merge --commit', or abort the merge with
 106'git notes merge --abort'.
 107
 108remove::
 109        Remove the notes for given objects (defaults to HEAD). When
 110        giving zero or one object from the command line, this is
 111        equivalent to specifying an empty note message to
 112        the `edit` subcommand.
 113
 114prune::
 115        Remove all notes for non-existing/unreachable objects.
 116
 117get-ref::
 118        Print the current notes ref. This provides an easy way to
 119        retrieve the current notes ref (e.g. from scripts).
 120
 121OPTIONS
 122-------
 123-f::
 124--force::
 125        When adding notes to an object that already has notes,
 126        overwrite the existing notes (instead of aborting).
 127
 128-m <msg>::
 129--message=<msg>::
 130        Use the given note message (instead of prompting).
 131        If multiple `-m` options are given, their values
 132        are concatenated as separate paragraphs.
 133        Lines starting with `#` and empty lines other than a
 134        single line between paragraphs will be stripped out.
 135
 136-F <file>::
 137--file=<file>::
 138        Take the note message from the given file.  Use '-' to
 139        read the note message from the standard input.
 140        Lines starting with `#` and empty lines other than a
 141        single line between paragraphs will be stripped out.
 142
 143-C <object>::
 144--reuse-message=<object>::
 145        Take the given blob object (for example, another note) as the
 146        note message. (Use `git notes copy <object>` instead to
 147        copy notes between objects.)
 148
 149-c <object>::
 150--reedit-message=<object>::
 151        Like '-C', but with '-c' the editor is invoked, so that
 152        the user can further edit the note message.
 153
 154--ref <ref>::
 155        Manipulate the notes tree in <ref>.  This overrides
 156        'GIT_NOTES_REF' and the "core.notesRef" configuration.  The ref
 157        is taken to be in `refs/notes/` if it is not qualified.
 158
 159--ignore-missing::
 160        Do not consider it an error to request removing notes from an
 161        object that does not have notes attached to it.
 162
 163--stdin::
 164        Also read the object names to remove notes from from the standard
 165        input (there is no reason you cannot combine this with object
 166        names from the command line).
 167
 168-n::
 169--dry-run::
 170        Do not remove anything; just report the object names whose notes
 171        would be removed.
 172
 173-s <strategy>::
 174--strategy=<strategy>::
 175        When merging notes, resolve notes conflicts using the given
 176        strategy. The following strategies are recognized: "manual"
 177        (default), "ours", "theirs", "union" and "cat_sort_uniq".
 178        See the "NOTES MERGE STRATEGIES" section below for more
 179        information on each notes merge strategy.
 180
 181--commit::
 182        Finalize an in-progress 'git notes merge'. Use this option
 183        when you have resolved the conflicts that 'git notes merge'
 184        stored in .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE. This amends the partial
 185        merge commit created by 'git notes merge' (stored in
 186        .git/NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL) by adding the notes in
 187        .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE. The notes ref stored in the
 188        .git/NOTES_MERGE_REF symref is updated to the resulting commit.
 189
 190--abort::
 191        Abort/reset a in-progress 'git notes merge', i.e. a notes merge
 192        with conflicts. This simply removes all files related to the
 193        notes merge.
 194
 195-q::
 196--quiet::
 197        When merging notes, operate quietly.
 198
 199-v::
 200--verbose::
 201        When merging notes, be more verbose.
 202        When pruning notes, report all object names whose notes are
 203        removed.
 204
 205
 206DISCUSSION
 207----------
 208
 209Commit notes are blobs containing extra information about an object
 210(usually information to supplement a commit's message).  These blobs
 211are taken from notes refs.  A notes ref is usually a branch which
 212contains "files" whose paths are the object names for the objects
 213they describe, with some directory separators included for performance
 214reasons footnote:[Permitted pathnames have the form
 215'ab'`/`'cd'`/`'ef'`/`'...'`/`'abcdef...': a sequence of directory
 216names of two hexadecimal digits each followed by a filename with the
 217rest of the object ID.].
 218
 219Every notes change creates a new commit at the specified notes ref.
 220You can therefore inspect the history of the notes by invoking, e.g.,
 221`git log -p notes/commits`.  Currently the commit message only records
 222which operation triggered the update, and the commit authorship is
 223determined according to the usual rules (see linkgit:git-commit[1]).
 224These details may change in the future.
 225
 226It is also permitted for a notes ref to point directly to a tree
 227object, in which case the history of the notes can be read with
 228`git log -p -g <refname>`.
 229
 230
 231NOTES MERGE STRATEGIES
 232----------------------
 233
 234The default notes merge strategy is "manual", which checks out
 235conflicting notes in a special work tree for resolving notes conflicts
 236(`.git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE`), and instructs the user to resolve the
 237conflicts in that work tree.
 238When done, the user can either finalize the merge with
 239'git notes merge --commit', or abort the merge with
 240'git notes merge --abort'.
 241
 242"ours" automatically resolves conflicting notes in favor of the local
 243version (i.e. the current notes ref).
 244
 245"theirs" automatically resolves notes conflicts in favor of the remote
 246version (i.e. the given notes ref being merged into the current notes
 247ref).
 248
 249"union" automatically resolves notes conflicts by concatenating the
 250local and remote versions.
 251
 252"cat_sort_uniq" is similar to "union", but in addition to concatenating
 253the local and remote versions, this strategy also sorts the resulting
 254lines, and removes duplicate lines from the result. This is equivalent
 255to applying the "cat | sort | uniq" shell pipeline to the local and
 256remote versions. This strategy is useful if the notes follow a line-based
 257format where one wants to avoid duplicated lines in the merge result.
 258Note that if either the local or remote version contain duplicate lines
 259prior to the merge, these will also be removed by this notes merge
 260strategy.
 261
 262
 263EXAMPLES
 264--------
 265
 266You can use notes to add annotations with information that was not
 267available at the time a commit was written.
 268
 269------------
 270$ git notes add -m 'Tested-by: Johannes Sixt <j6t@kdbg.org>' 72a144e2
 271$ git show -s 72a144e
 272[...]
 273    Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
 274
 275Notes:
 276    Tested-by: Johannes Sixt <j6t@kdbg.org>
 277------------
 278
 279In principle, a note is a regular Git blob, and any kind of
 280(non-)format is accepted.  You can binary-safely create notes from
 281arbitrary files using 'git hash-object':
 282
 283------------
 284$ cc *.c
 285$ blob=$(git hash-object -w a.out)
 286$ git notes --ref=built add -C "$blob" HEAD
 287------------
 288
 289(You cannot simply use `git notes --ref=built add -F a.out HEAD`
 290because that is not binary-safe.)
 291Of course, it doesn't make much sense to display non-text-format notes
 292with 'git log', so if you use such notes, you'll probably need to write
 293some special-purpose tools to do something useful with them.
 294
 295
 296CONFIGURATION
 297-------------
 298
 299core.notesRef::
 300        Notes ref to read and manipulate instead of
 301        `refs/notes/commits`.  Must be an unabbreviated ref name.
 302        This setting can be overridden through the environment and
 303        command line.
 304
 305notes.displayRef::
 306        Which ref (or refs, if a glob or specified more than once), in
 307        addition to the default set by `core.notesRef` or
 308        'GIT_NOTES_REF', to read notes from when showing commit
 309        messages with the 'git log' family of commands.
 310        This setting can be overridden on the command line or by the
 311        'GIT_NOTES_DISPLAY_REF' environment variable.
 312        See linkgit:git-log[1].
 313
 314notes.rewrite.<command>::
 315        When rewriting commits with <command> (currently `amend` or
 316        `rebase`), if this variable is `false`, git will not copy
 317        notes from the original to the rewritten commit.  Defaults to
 318        `true`.  See also "`notes.rewriteRef`" below.
 319+
 320This setting can be overridden by the 'GIT_NOTES_REWRITE_REF'
 321environment variable.
 322
 323notes.rewriteMode::
 324        When copying notes during a rewrite, what to do if the target
 325        commit already has a note.  Must be one of `overwrite`,
 326        `concatenate`, and `ignore`.  Defaults to `concatenate`.
 327+
 328This setting can be overridden with the `GIT_NOTES_REWRITE_MODE`
 329environment variable.
 330
 331notes.rewriteRef::
 332        When copying notes during a rewrite, specifies the (fully
 333        qualified) ref whose notes should be copied.  May be a glob,
 334        in which case notes in all matching refs will be copied.  You
 335        may also specify this configuration several times.
 336+
 337Does not have a default value; you must configure this variable to
 338enable note rewriting.
 339+
 340Can be overridden with the 'GIT_NOTES_REWRITE_REF' environment variable.
 341
 342
 343ENVIRONMENT
 344-----------
 345
 346'GIT_NOTES_REF'::
 347        Which ref to manipulate notes from, instead of `refs/notes/commits`.
 348        This overrides the `core.notesRef` setting.
 349
 350'GIT_NOTES_DISPLAY_REF'::
 351        Colon-delimited list of refs or globs indicating which refs,
 352        in addition to the default from `core.notesRef` or
 353        'GIT_NOTES_REF', to read notes from when showing commit
 354        messages.
 355        This overrides the `notes.displayRef` setting.
 356+
 357A warning will be issued for refs that do not exist, but a glob that
 358does not match any refs is silently ignored.
 359
 360'GIT_NOTES_REWRITE_MODE'::
 361        When copying notes during a rewrite, what to do if the target
 362        commit already has a note.
 363        Must be one of `overwrite`, `concatenate`, and `ignore`.
 364        This overrides the `core.rewriteMode` setting.
 365
 366'GIT_NOTES_REWRITE_REF'::
 367        When rewriting commits, which notes to copy from the original
 368        to the rewritten commit.  Must be a colon-delimited list of
 369        refs or globs.
 370+
 371If not set in the environment, the list of notes to copy depends
 372on the `notes.rewrite.<command>` and `notes.rewriteRef` settings.
 373
 374
 375Author
 376------
 377Written by Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de> and
 378Johan Herland <johan@herland.net>
 379
 380Documentation
 381-------------
 382Documentation by Johannes Schindelin and Johan Herland
 383
 384GIT
 385---
 386Part of the linkgit:git[7] suite