Documentation / git-clone.txton commit Merge branch 'db/delta-applier' into db/text-delta (e9f3f8b)
   1git-clone(1)
   2============
   3
   4NAME
   5----
   6git-clone - Clone a repository into a new directory
   7
   8
   9SYNOPSIS
  10--------
  11[verse]
  12'git clone' [--template=<template_directory>]
  13          [-l] [-s] [--no-hardlinks] [-q] [-n] [--bare] [--mirror]
  14          [-o <name>] [-b <name>] [-u <upload-pack>] [--reference <repository>]
  15          [--separate-git-dir|-L <git dir>]
  16          [--depth <depth>] [--recursive|--recurse-submodules] [--] <repository>
  17          [<directory>]
  18
  19DESCRIPTION
  20-----------
  21
  22Clones a repository into a newly created directory, creates
  23remote-tracking branches for each branch in the cloned repository
  24(visible using `git branch -r`), and creates and checks out an
  25initial branch that is forked from the cloned repository's
  26currently active branch.
  27
  28After the clone, a plain `git fetch` without arguments will update
  29all the remote-tracking branches, and a `git pull` without
  30arguments will in addition merge the remote master branch into the
  31current master branch, if any.
  32
  33This default configuration is achieved by creating references to
  34the remote branch heads under `refs/remotes/origin` and
  35by initializing `remote.origin.url` and `remote.origin.fetch`
  36configuration variables.
  37
  38
  39OPTIONS
  40-------
  41--local::
  42-l::
  43        When the repository to clone from is on a local machine,
  44        this flag bypasses the normal "git aware" transport
  45        mechanism and clones the repository by making a copy of
  46        HEAD and everything under objects and refs directories.
  47        The files under `.git/objects/` directory are hardlinked
  48        to save space when possible.  This is now the default when
  49        the source repository is specified with `/path/to/repo`
  50        syntax, so it essentially is a no-op option.  To force
  51        copying instead of hardlinking (which may be desirable
  52        if you are trying to make a back-up of your repository),
  53        but still avoid the usual "git aware" transport
  54        mechanism, `--no-hardlinks` can be used.
  55
  56--no-hardlinks::
  57        Optimize the cloning process from a repository on a
  58        local filesystem by copying files under `.git/objects`
  59        directory.
  60
  61--shared::
  62-s::
  63        When the repository to clone is on the local machine,
  64        instead of using hard links, automatically setup
  65        `.git/objects/info/alternates` to share the objects
  66        with the source repository.  The resulting repository
  67        starts out without any object of its own.
  68+
  69*NOTE*: this is a possibly dangerous operation; do *not* use
  70it unless you understand what it does. If you clone your
  71repository using this option and then delete branches (or use any
  72other git command that makes any existing commit unreferenced) in the
  73source repository, some objects may become unreferenced (or dangling).
  74These objects may be removed by normal git operations (such as `git commit`)
  75which automatically call `git gc --auto`. (See linkgit:git-gc[1].)
  76If these objects are removed and were referenced by the cloned repository,
  77then the cloned repository will become corrupt.
  78+
  79Note that running `git repack` without the `-l` option in a repository
  80cloned with `-s` will copy objects from the source repository into a pack
  81in the cloned repository, removing the disk space savings of `clone -s`.
  82It is safe, however, to run `git gc`, which uses the `-l` option by
  83default.
  84+
  85If you want to break the dependency of a repository cloned with `-s` on
  86its source repository, you can simply run `git repack -a` to copy all
  87objects from the source repository into a pack in the cloned repository.
  88
  89--reference <repository>::
  90        If the reference repository is on the local machine,
  91        automatically setup `.git/objects/info/alternates` to
  92        obtain objects from the reference repository.  Using
  93        an already existing repository as an alternate will
  94        require fewer objects to be copied from the repository
  95        being cloned, reducing network and local storage costs.
  96+
  97*NOTE*: see the NOTE for the `--shared` option.
  98
  99--quiet::
 100-q::
 101        Operate quietly.  Progress is not reported to the standard
 102        error stream. This flag is also passed to the `rsync'
 103        command when given.
 104
 105--verbose::
 106-v::
 107        Run verbosely. Does not affect the reporting of progress status
 108        to the standard error stream.
 109
 110--progress::
 111        Progress status is reported on the standard error stream
 112        by default when it is attached to a terminal, unless -q
 113        is specified. This flag forces progress status even if the
 114        standard error stream is not directed to a terminal.
 115
 116--no-checkout::
 117-n::
 118        No checkout of HEAD is performed after the clone is complete.
 119
 120--bare::
 121        Make a 'bare' GIT repository.  That is, instead of
 122        creating `<directory>` and placing the administrative
 123        files in `<directory>/.git`, make the `<directory>`
 124        itself the `$GIT_DIR`. This obviously implies the `-n`
 125        because there is nowhere to check out the working tree.
 126        Also the branch heads at the remote are copied directly
 127        to corresponding local branch heads, without mapping
 128        them to `refs/remotes/origin/`.  When this option is
 129        used, neither remote-tracking branches nor the related
 130        configuration variables are created.
 131
 132--mirror::
 133        Set up a mirror of the source repository.  This implies `--bare`.
 134        Compared to `--bare`, `--mirror` not only maps local branches of the
 135        source to local branches of the target, it maps all refs (including
 136        remote-tracking branches, notes etc.) and sets up a refspec configuration such
 137        that all these refs are overwritten by a `git remote update` in the
 138        target repository.
 139
 140--origin <name>::
 141-o <name>::
 142        Instead of using the remote name `origin` to keep track
 143        of the upstream repository, use `<name>`.
 144
 145--branch <name>::
 146-b <name>::
 147        Instead of pointing the newly created HEAD to the branch pointed
 148        to by the cloned repository's HEAD, point to `<name>` branch
 149        instead. In a non-bare repository, this is the branch that will
 150        be checked out.
 151
 152--upload-pack <upload-pack>::
 153-u <upload-pack>::
 154        When given, and the repository to clone from is accessed
 155        via ssh, this specifies a non-default path for the command
 156        run on the other end.
 157
 158--template=<template_directory>::
 159        Specify the directory from which templates will be used;
 160        (See the "TEMPLATE DIRECTORY" section of linkgit:git-init[1].)
 161
 162--depth <depth>::
 163        Create a 'shallow' clone with a history truncated to the
 164        specified number of revisions.  A shallow repository has a
 165        number of limitations (you cannot clone or fetch from
 166        it, nor push from nor into it), but is adequate if you
 167        are only interested in the recent history of a large project
 168        with a long history, and would want to send in fixes
 169        as patches.
 170
 171--recursive::
 172--recurse-submodules::
 173        After the clone is created, initialize all submodules within,
 174        using their default settings. This is equivalent to running
 175        `git submodule update --init --recursive` immediately after
 176        the clone is finished. This option is ignored if the cloned
 177        repository does not have a worktree/checkout (i.e. if any of
 178        `--no-checkout`/`-n`, `--bare`, or `--mirror` is given)
 179
 180-L=<git dir>::
 181--separate-git-dir=<git dir>::
 182        Instead of placing the cloned repository where it is supposed
 183        to be, place the cloned repository at the specified directory,
 184        then make a filesytem-agnostic git symbolic link to there.
 185        The result is git repository can be separated from working
 186        tree.
 187
 188
 189<repository>::
 190        The (possibly remote) repository to clone from.  See the
 191        <<URLS,URLS>> section below for more information on specifying
 192        repositories.
 193
 194<directory>::
 195        The name of a new directory to clone into.  The "humanish"
 196        part of the source repository is used if no directory is
 197        explicitly given (`repo` for `/path/to/repo.git` and `foo`
 198        for `host.xz:foo/.git`).  Cloning into an existing directory
 199        is only allowed if the directory is empty.
 200
 201:git-clone: 1
 202include::urls.txt[]
 203
 204Examples
 205--------
 206
 207* Clone from upstream:
 208+
 209------------
 210$ git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/.../linux-2.6 my2.6
 211$ cd my2.6
 212$ make
 213------------
 214
 215
 216* Make a local clone that borrows from the current directory, without checking things out:
 217+
 218------------
 219$ git clone -l -s -n . ../copy
 220$ cd ../copy
 221$ git show-branch
 222------------
 223
 224
 225* Clone from upstream while borrowing from an existing local directory:
 226+
 227------------
 228$ git clone --reference my2.6 \
 229        git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/.../linux-2.7 \
 230        my2.7
 231$ cd my2.7
 232------------
 233
 234
 235* Create a bare repository to publish your changes to the public:
 236+
 237------------
 238$ git clone --bare -l /home/proj/.git /pub/scm/proj.git
 239------------
 240
 241
 242* Create a repository on the kernel.org machine that borrows from Linus:
 243+
 244------------
 245$ git clone --bare -l -s /pub/scm/.../torvalds/linux-2.6.git \
 246    /pub/scm/.../me/subsys-2.6.git
 247------------
 248
 249GIT
 250---
 251Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite