Documentation / git-ls-files.txton commit Merge branch 'jh/send-email-one-cc' (ea1e784)
   1git-ls-files(1)
   2===============
   3
   4NAME
   5----
   6git-ls-files - Show information about files in the index and the working tree
   7
   8
   9SYNOPSIS
  10--------
  11[verse]
  12'git ls-files' [-z] [-t] [-v]
  13                (--[cached|deleted|others|ignored|stage|unmerged|killed|modified])*
  14                (-[c|d|o|i|s|u|k|m])*
  15                [--eol]
  16                [-x <pattern>|--exclude=<pattern>]
  17                [-X <file>|--exclude-from=<file>]
  18                [--exclude-per-directory=<file>]
  19                [--exclude-standard]
  20                [--error-unmatch] [--with-tree=<tree-ish>]
  21                [--full-name] [--recurse-submodules]
  22                [--abbrev] [--] [<file>...]
  23
  24DESCRIPTION
  25-----------
  26This merges the file listing in the directory cache index with the
  27actual working directory list, and shows different combinations of the
  28two.
  29
  30One or more of the options below may be used to determine the files
  31shown:
  32
  33OPTIONS
  34-------
  35-c::
  36--cached::
  37        Show cached files in the output (default)
  38
  39-d::
  40--deleted::
  41        Show deleted files in the output
  42
  43-m::
  44--modified::
  45        Show modified files in the output
  46
  47-o::
  48--others::
  49        Show other (i.e. untracked) files in the output
  50
  51-i::
  52--ignored::
  53        Show only ignored files in the output. When showing files in the
  54        index, print only those matched by an exclude pattern. When
  55        showing "other" files, show only those matched by an exclude
  56        pattern.
  57
  58-s::
  59--stage::
  60        Show staged contents' object name, mode bits and stage number in the output.
  61
  62--directory::
  63        If a whole directory is classified as "other", show just its
  64        name (with a trailing slash) and not its whole contents.
  65
  66--no-empty-directory::
  67        Do not list empty directories. Has no effect without --directory.
  68
  69-u::
  70--unmerged::
  71        Show unmerged files in the output (forces --stage)
  72
  73-k::
  74--killed::
  75        Show files on the filesystem that need to be removed due
  76        to file/directory conflicts for checkout-index to
  77        succeed.
  78
  79-z::
  80        \0 line termination on output.
  81
  82-x <pattern>::
  83--exclude=<pattern>::
  84        Skip untracked files matching pattern.
  85        Note that pattern is a shell wildcard pattern. See EXCLUDE PATTERNS
  86        below for more information.
  87
  88-X <file>::
  89--exclude-from=<file>::
  90        Read exclude patterns from <file>; 1 per line.
  91
  92--exclude-per-directory=<file>::
  93        Read additional exclude patterns that apply only to the
  94        directory and its subdirectories in <file>.
  95
  96--exclude-standard::
  97        Add the standard Git exclusions: .git/info/exclude, .gitignore
  98        in each directory, and the user's global exclusion file.
  99
 100--error-unmatch::
 101        If any <file> does not appear in the index, treat this as an
 102        error (return 1).
 103
 104--with-tree=<tree-ish>::
 105        When using --error-unmatch to expand the user supplied
 106        <file> (i.e. path pattern) arguments to paths, pretend
 107        that paths which were removed in the index since the
 108        named <tree-ish> are still present.  Using this option
 109        with `-s` or `-u` options does not make any sense.
 110
 111-t::
 112        This feature is semi-deprecated. For scripting purpose,
 113        linkgit:git-status[1] `--porcelain` and
 114        linkgit:git-diff-files[1] `--name-status` are almost always
 115        superior alternatives, and users should look at
 116        linkgit:git-status[1] `--short` or linkgit:git-diff[1]
 117        `--name-status` for more user-friendly alternatives.
 118+
 119This option identifies the file status with the following tags (followed by
 120a space) at the start of each line:
 121
 122        H::     cached
 123        S::     skip-worktree
 124        M::     unmerged
 125        R::     removed/deleted
 126        C::     modified/changed
 127        K::     to be killed
 128        ?::     other
 129
 130-v::
 131        Similar to `-t`, but use lowercase letters for files
 132        that are marked as 'assume unchanged' (see
 133        linkgit:git-update-index[1]).
 134
 135--full-name::
 136        When run from a subdirectory, the command usually
 137        outputs paths relative to the current directory.  This
 138        option forces paths to be output relative to the project
 139        top directory.
 140
 141--recurse-submodules::
 142        Recursively calls ls-files on each submodule in the repository.
 143        Currently there is only support for the --cached mode.
 144
 145--abbrev[=<n>]::
 146        Instead of showing the full 40-byte hexadecimal object
 147        lines, show only a partial prefix.
 148        Non default number of digits can be specified with --abbrev=<n>.
 149
 150--debug::
 151        After each line that describes a file, add more data about its
 152        cache entry.  This is intended to show as much information as
 153        possible for manual inspection; the exact format may change at
 154        any time.
 155
 156--eol::
 157        Show <eolinfo> and <eolattr> of files.
 158        <eolinfo> is the file content identification used by Git when
 159        the "text" attribute is "auto" (or not set and core.autocrlf is not false).
 160        <eolinfo> is either "-text", "none", "lf", "crlf", "mixed" or "".
 161+
 162"" means the file is not a regular file, it is not in the index or
 163not accessible in the working tree.
 164+
 165<eolattr> is the attribute that is used when checking out or committing,
 166it is either "", "-text", "text", "text=auto", "text eol=lf", "text eol=crlf".
 167Since Git 2.10 "text=auto eol=lf" and "text=auto eol=crlf" are supported.
 168+
 169Both the <eolinfo> in the index ("i/<eolinfo>")
 170and in the working tree ("w/<eolinfo>") are shown for regular files,
 171followed by the  ("attr/<eolattr>").
 172
 173\--::
 174        Do not interpret any more arguments as options.
 175
 176<file>::
 177        Files to show. If no files are given all files which match the other
 178        specified criteria are shown.
 179
 180Output
 181------
 182'git ls-files' just outputs the filenames unless `--stage` is specified in
 183which case it outputs:
 184
 185        [<tag> ]<mode> <object> <stage> <file>
 186
 187'git ls-files --eol' will show
 188        i/<eolinfo><SPACES>w/<eolinfo><SPACES>attr/<eolattr><SPACE*><TAB><file>
 189
 190'git ls-files --unmerged' and 'git ls-files --stage' can be used to examine
 191detailed information on unmerged paths.
 192
 193For an unmerged path, instead of recording a single mode/SHA-1 pair,
 194the index records up to three such pairs; one from tree O in stage
 1951, A in stage 2, and B in stage 3.  This information can be used by
 196the user (or the porcelain) to see what should eventually be recorded at the
 197path. (see linkgit:git-read-tree[1] for more information on state)
 198
 199When `-z` option is not used, TAB, LF, and backslash characters
 200in pathnames are represented as `\t`, `\n`, and `\\`,
 201respectively.
 202
 203
 204Exclude Patterns
 205----------------
 206
 207'git ls-files' can use a list of "exclude patterns" when
 208traversing the directory tree and finding files to show when the
 209flags --others or --ignored are specified.  linkgit:gitignore[5]
 210specifies the format of exclude patterns.
 211
 212These exclude patterns come from these places, in order:
 213
 214  1. The command-line flag --exclude=<pattern> specifies a
 215     single pattern.  Patterns are ordered in the same order
 216     they appear in the command line.
 217
 218  2. The command-line flag --exclude-from=<file> specifies a
 219     file containing a list of patterns.  Patterns are ordered
 220     in the same order they appear in the file.
 221
 222  3. The command-line flag --exclude-per-directory=<name> specifies
 223     a name of the file in each directory 'git ls-files'
 224     examines, normally `.gitignore`.  Files in deeper
 225     directories take precedence.  Patterns are ordered in the
 226     same order they appear in the files.
 227
 228A pattern specified on the command line with --exclude or read
 229from the file specified with --exclude-from is relative to the
 230top of the directory tree.  A pattern read from a file specified
 231by --exclude-per-directory is relative to the directory that the
 232pattern file appears in.
 233
 234SEE ALSO
 235--------
 236linkgit:git-read-tree[1], linkgit:gitignore[5]
 237
 238GIT
 239---
 240Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite