Documentation / technical / api-merge.txton commit Merge branch 'sn/doc-update-index-assume-unchanged' into maint-1.7.3 (eb4e672)
   1merge API
   2=========
   3
   4The merge API helps a program to reconcile two competing sets of
   5improvements to some files (e.g., unregistered changes from the work
   6tree versus changes involved in switching to a new branch), reporting
   7conflicts if found.  The library called through this API is
   8responsible for a few things.
   9
  10 * determining which trees to merge (recursive ancestor consolidation);
  11
  12 * lining up corresponding files in the trees to be merged (rename
  13   detection, subtree shifting), reporting edge cases like add/add
  14   and rename/rename conflicts to the user;
  15
  16 * performing a three-way merge of corresponding files, taking
  17   path-specific merge drivers (specified in `.gitattributes`)
  18   into account.
  19
  20Low-level (single file) merge
  21-----------------------------
  22
  23`ll_merge`::
  24
  25        Perform a three-way single-file merge in core.  This is
  26        a thin wrapper around `xdl_merge` that takes the path and
  27        any merge backend specified in `.gitattributes` or
  28        `.git/info/attributes` into account.  Returns 0 for a
  29        clean merge.
  30
  31The caller:
  32
  331. allocates an mmbuffer_t variable for the result;
  342. allocates and fills variables with the file's original content
  35   and two modified versions (using `read_mmfile`, for example);
  363. calls ll_merge();
  374. reads the output from result_buf.ptr and result_buf.size;
  385. releases buffers when finished (free(ancestor.ptr); free(ours.ptr);
  39   free(theirs.ptr); free(result_buf.ptr);).
  40
  41If the modifications do not merge cleanly, `ll_merge` will return a
  42nonzero value and `result_buf` will generally include a description of
  43the conflict bracketed by markers such as the traditional `<<<<<<<`
  44and `>>>>>>>`.
  45
  46The `ancestor_label`, `our_label`, and `their_label` parameters are
  47used to label the different sides of a conflict if the merge driver
  48supports this.
  49
  50The `flag` parameter is a bitfield:
  51
  52 - The `LL_OPT_VIRTUAL_ANCESTOR` bit indicates whether this is an
  53   internal merge to consolidate ancestors for a recursive merge.
  54
  55 - The `LL_OPT_FAVOR_MASK` bits allow local conflicts to be automatically
  56   resolved in favor of one side or the other (as in 'git merge-file'
  57   `--ours`/`--theirs`/`--union`).
  58   They can be populated by `create_ll_flag`, whose argument can be
  59   `XDL_MERGE_FAVOR_OURS`, `XDL_MERGE_FAVOR_THEIRS`, or
  60   `XDL_MERGE_FAVOR_UNION`.
  61
  62Everything else
  63---------------
  64
  65Talk about <merge-recursive.h> and merge_file():
  66
  67 - merge_trees() to merge with rename detection
  68 - merge_recursive() for ancestor consolidation
  69 - try_merge_command() for other strategies
  70 - conflict format
  71 - merge options
  72
  73(Daniel, Miklos, Stephan, JC)