Documentation / git-diff.txton commit Merge branch 'jn/checkout-doc' (f28f049)
   1git-diff(1)
   2===========
   3
   4NAME
   5----
   6git-diff - Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc
   7
   8
   9SYNOPSIS
  10--------
  11'git diff' [<common diff options>] <commit>{0,2} [--] [<path>...]
  12
  13DESCRIPTION
  14-----------
  15Show changes between two trees, a tree and the working tree, a
  16tree and the index file, or the index file and the working tree.
  17
  18'git diff' [--options] [--] [<path>...]::
  19
  20        This form is to view the changes you made relative to
  21        the index (staging area for the next commit).  In other
  22        words, the differences are what you _could_ tell git to
  23        further add to the index but you still haven't.  You can
  24        stage these changes by using linkgit:git-add[1].
  25+
  26If exactly two paths are given, and at least one is untracked,
  27compare the two files / directories. This behavior can be
  28forced by --no-index.
  29
  30'git diff' [--options] --cached [<commit>] [--] [<path>...]::
  31
  32        This form is to view the changes you staged for the next
  33        commit relative to the named <commit>.  Typically you
  34        would want comparison with the latest commit, so if you
  35        do not give <commit>, it defaults to HEAD.
  36        --staged is a synonym of --cached.
  37
  38'git diff' [--options] <commit> [--] [<path>...]::
  39
  40        This form is to view the changes you have in your
  41        working tree relative to the named <commit>.  You can
  42        use HEAD to compare it with the latest commit, or a
  43        branch name to compare with the tip of a different
  44        branch.
  45
  46'git diff' [--options] <commit> <commit> [--] [<path>...]::
  47
  48        This is to view the changes between two arbitrary
  49        <commit>.
  50
  51'git diff' [--options] <commit>..<commit> [--] [<path>...]::
  52
  53        This is synonymous to the previous form.  If <commit> on
  54        one side is omitted, it will have the same effect as
  55        using HEAD instead.
  56
  57'git diff' [--options] <commit>\...<commit> [--] [<path>...]::
  58
  59        This form is to view the changes on the branch containing
  60        and up to the second <commit>, starting at a common ancestor
  61        of both <commit>.  "git diff A\...B" is equivalent to
  62        "git diff $(git-merge-base A B) B".  You can omit any one
  63        of <commit>, which has the same effect as using HEAD instead.
  64
  65Just in case if you are doing something exotic, it should be
  66noted that all of the <commit> in the above description, except
  67for the last two forms that use ".." notations, can be any
  68<tree-ish>.
  69
  70For a more complete list of ways to spell <commit>, see
  71"SPECIFYING REVISIONS" section in linkgit:git-rev-parse[1].
  72However, "diff" is about comparing two _endpoints_, not ranges,
  73and the range notations ("<commit>..<commit>" and
  74"<commit>\...<commit>") do not mean a range as defined in the
  75"SPECIFYING RANGES" section in linkgit:git-rev-parse[1].
  76
  77OPTIONS
  78-------
  79:git-diff: 1
  80include::diff-options.txt[]
  81
  82<path>...::
  83        The <paths> parameters, when given, are used to limit
  84        the diff to the named paths (you can give directory
  85        names and get diff for all files under them).
  86
  87
  88include::diff-format.txt[]
  89
  90EXAMPLES
  91--------
  92
  93Various ways to check your working tree::
  94+
  95------------
  96$ git diff            <1>
  97$ git diff --cached   <2>
  98$ git diff HEAD       <3>
  99------------
 100+
 101<1> Changes in the working tree not yet staged for the next commit.
 102<2> Changes between the index and your last commit; what you
 103would be committing if you run "git commit" without "-a" option.
 104<3> Changes in the working tree since your last commit; what you
 105would be committing if you run "git commit -a"
 106
 107Comparing with arbitrary commits::
 108+
 109------------
 110$ git diff test            <1>
 111$ git diff HEAD -- ./test  <2>
 112$ git diff HEAD^ HEAD      <3>
 113------------
 114+
 115<1> Instead of using the tip of the current branch, compare with the
 116tip of "test" branch.
 117<2> Instead of comparing with the tip of "test" branch, compare with
 118the tip of the current branch, but limit the comparison to the
 119file "test".
 120<3> Compare the version before the last commit and the last commit.
 121
 122Comparing branches::
 123+
 124------------
 125$ git diff topic master    <1>
 126$ git diff topic..master   <2>
 127$ git diff topic...master  <3>
 128------------
 129+
 130<1> Changes between the tips of the topic and the master branches.
 131<2> Same as above.
 132<3> Changes that occurred on the master branch since when the topic
 133branch was started off it.
 134
 135Limiting the diff output::
 136+
 137------------
 138$ git diff --diff-filter=MRC            <1>
 139$ git diff --name-status                <2>
 140$ git diff arch/i386 include/asm-i386   <3>
 141------------
 142+
 143<1> Show only modification, rename and copy, but not addition
 144nor deletion.
 145<2> Show only names and the nature of change, but not actual
 146diff output.
 147<3> Limit diff output to named subtrees.
 148
 149Munging the diff output::
 150+
 151------------
 152$ git diff --find-copies-harder -B -C  <1>
 153$ git diff -R                          <2>
 154------------
 155+
 156<1> Spend extra cycles to find renames, copies and complete
 157rewrites (very expensive).
 158<2> Output diff in reverse.
 159
 160SEE ALSO
 161--------
 162linkgit:git-difftool[1]::
 163        Show changes using common diff tools
 164
 165Author
 166------
 167Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
 168
 169Documentation
 170--------------
 171Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 172
 173GIT
 174---
 175Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite