Documentation / git-bisect.txton commit Documentation: bisect: reformat more paragraphs. (fed820a)
   1git-bisect(1)
   2=============
   3
   4NAME
   5----
   6git-bisect - Find the change that introduced a bug by binary search
   7
   8
   9SYNOPSIS
  10--------
  11'git bisect' <subcommand> <options> 
  12
  13DESCRIPTION
  14-----------
  15The command takes various subcommands, and different options depending
  16on the subcommand:
  17
  18 git bisect start [<paths>...]
  19 git bisect bad <rev>
  20 git bisect good <rev>
  21 git bisect reset [<branch>]
  22 git bisect visualize
  23 git bisect replay <logfile>
  24 git bisect log
  25 git bisect run <cmd>...
  26
  27This command uses 'git-rev-list --bisect' option to help drive the
  28binary search process to find which change introduced a bug, given an
  29old "good" commit object name and a later "bad" commit object name.
  30
  31The way you use it is:
  32
  33------------------------------------------------
  34$ git bisect start
  35$ git bisect bad                        # Current version is bad
  36$ git bisect good v2.6.13-rc2           # v2.6.13-rc2 was the last version
  37                                        # tested that was good
  38------------------------------------------------
  39
  40When you give at least one bad and one good versions, it will bisect
  41the revision tree and say something like:
  42
  43------------------------------------------------
  44Bisecting: 675 revisions left to test after this
  45------------------------------------------------
  46
  47and check out the state in the middle. Now, compile that kernel, and
  48boot it. Now, let's say that this booted kernel works fine, then just
  49do
  50
  51------------------------------------------------
  52$ git bisect good                       # this one is good
  53------------------------------------------------
  54
  55which will now say
  56
  57------------------------------------------------
  58Bisecting: 337 revisions left to test after this
  59------------------------------------------------
  60
  61and you continue along, compiling that one, testing it, and depending
  62on whether it is good or bad, you say "git bisect good" or "git bisect
  63bad", and ask for the next bisection.
  64
  65Until you have no more left, and you'll have been left with the first
  66bad kernel rev in "refs/bisect/bad".
  67
  68Oh, and then after you want to reset to the original head, do a
  69
  70------------------------------------------------
  71$ git bisect reset
  72------------------------------------------------
  73
  74to get back to the master branch, instead of being in one of the
  75bisection branches ("git bisect start" will do that for you too,
  76actually: it will reset the bisection state, and before it does that
  77it checks that you're not using some old bisection branch).
  78
  79During the bisection process, you can say
  80
  81------------
  82$ git bisect visualize
  83------------
  84
  85to see the currently remaining suspects in `gitk`.
  86
  87The good/bad input is logged, and
  88
  89------------
  90$ git bisect log
  91------------
  92
  93shows what you have done so far. You can truncate its output somewhere
  94and save it in a file, and run
  95
  96------------
  97$ git bisect replay that-file
  98------------
  99
 100if you find later you made a mistake telling good/bad about a
 101revision.
 102
 103If in a middle of bisect session, you know what the bisect suggested
 104to try next is not a good one to test (e.g. the change the commit
 105introduces is known not to work in your environment and you know it
 106does not have anything to do with the bug you are chasing), you may
 107want to find a near-by commit and try that instead.
 108
 109It goes something like this:
 110
 111------------
 112$ git bisect good/bad                   # previous round was good/bad.
 113Bisecting: 337 revisions left to test after this
 114$ git bisect visualize                  # oops, that is uninteresting.
 115$ git reset --hard HEAD~3               # try 3 revs before what
 116                                        # was suggested
 117------------
 118
 119Then compile and test the one you chose to try. After that, tell
 120bisect what the result was as usual.
 121
 122You can further cut down the number of trials if you know what part of
 123the tree is involved in the problem you are tracking down, by giving
 124paths parameters when you say `bisect start`, like this:
 125
 126------------
 127$ git bisect start arch/i386 include/asm-i386
 128------------
 129
 130If you have a script that can tell if the current source code is good
 131or bad, you can automatically bisect using:
 132
 133------------
 134$ git bisect run my_script
 135------------
 136
 137Note that the "run" script (`my_script` in the above example) should
 138exit with code 0 in case the current source code is good and with a
 139code between 1 and 127 (included) in case the current source code is
 140bad.
 141
 142Any other exit code will abort the automatic bisect process. (A
 143program that does "exit(-1)" leaves $? = 255, see exit(3) manual page,
 144the value is chopped with "& 0377".)
 145
 146You may often find that during bisect you want to have near-constant
 147tweaks (e.g., s/#define DEBUG 0/#define DEBUG 1/ in a header file, or
 148"revision that does not have this commit needs this patch applied to
 149work around other problem this bisection is not interested in")
 150applied to the revision being tested.
 151
 152To cope with such a situation, after the inner git-bisect finds the
 153next revision to test, with the "run" script, you can apply that tweak
 154before compiling, run the real test, and after the test decides if the
 155revision (possibly with the needed tweaks) passed the test, rewind the
 156tree to the pristine state.  Finally the "run" script can exit with
 157the status of the real test to let "git bisect run" command loop to
 158know the outcome.
 159
 160Author
 161------
 162Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
 163
 164Documentation
 165-------------
 166Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 167
 168GIT
 169---
 170Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
 171