object name: introduce '^{/!-<negative pattern>}' notation

To name a commit, you can now use the :/!-<negative pattern> regex
style, and consequentially, say

$ git rev-parse HEAD^{/!-foo}

and it will return the hash of the first commit reachable from HEAD,
whose commit message does not contain "foo". This is the opposite of the
existing <rev>^{/<pattern>} syntax.

The specific use-case this is intended for is to perform an operation,
excluding the most-recent commits containing a particular marker. For
example, if you tend to make "work in progress" commits, with messages
beginning with "WIP", you work, then it could be useful to diff against
"the most recent commit which was not a WIP commit". That sort of thing
now possible, via commands such as:

$ git diff @^{/!-^WIP}

The leader '/!-', rather than simply '/!', to denote a negative match,
is chosen to leave room for additional modifiers in the future.

Signed-off-by: Will Palmer <wmpalmer@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Stephen P. Smith <ischis2@cox.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

diff --git a/Documentation/revisions.txt b/Documentation/revisions.txt
index 07961185fe0cddf78822aee75b43f206cbcd4579..e0cd03fba9c5840c0fd369b77189ef8db8d1b73c 100644 (file)
--- a/Documentation/revisions.txt
+++ b/Documentation/revisions.txt
@@ -151,11 +151,12 @@ existing tag object.
   A colon, followed by a slash, followed by a text, names
   a commit whose commit message matches the specified regular expression.
   This name returns the youngest matching commit which is
-  reachable from any ref.  If the commit message starts with a
-  '!' you have to repeat that;  the special sequence ':/!',
-  followed by something else than '!', is reserved for now.
-  The regular expression can match any part of the commit message. To
-  match messages starting with a string, one can use e.g. ':/^foo'.
+  reachable from any ref. The regular expression can match any part of the
+  commit message. To match messages starting with a string, one can use
+  e.g. ':/^foo'. The special sequence ':/!' is reserved for modifiers to what
+  is matched. ':/!-foo' performs a negative match, while ':/!!foo' matches a
+  literal '!' character, followed by 'foo'. Any other sequence beginning with
+  ':/!' is reserved for now.
 
 '<rev>:<path>', e.g. 'HEAD:README', ':README', 'master:./README'::
   A suffix ':' followed by a path names the blob or tree

diff --git a/sha1_name.c b/sha1_name.c
index 6d10f052b5050c64de5589733c2a8600e2ddb3dc..fc5c60d3f2702bb5ee997f53ca379cccff672361 100644 (file)
--- a/sha1_name.c
+++ b/sha1_name.c
@@ -824,8 +824,12 @@ static int get_sha1_1(const char *name, int len, unsigned char *sha1, unsigned l
  * through history and returning the first commit whose message starts
  * the given regular expression.
  *
- * For future extension, ':/!' is reserved. If you want to match a message
- * beginning with a '!', you have to repeat the exclamation mark.
+ * For negative-matching, prefix the pattern-part with '!-', like: ':/!-WIP'.
+ *
+ * For a literal '!' character at the beginning of a pattern, you have to repeat
+ * that, like: ':/!!foo'
+ *
+ * For future extension, all other sequences beginning with ':/!' are reserved.
  */
 
 /* Remember to update object flag allocation in object.h */
@@ -854,12 +858,18 @@ static int get_sha1_oneline(const char *prefix, unsigned char *sha1,
 {
        struct commit_list *backup = NULL, *l;
        int found = 0;
+       int negative = 0;
        regex_t regex;
 
        if (prefix[0] == '!') {
-               if (prefix[1] != '!')
-                       die ("Invalid search pattern: %s", prefix);
                prefix++;
+
+               if (prefix[0] == '-') {
+                       prefix++;
+                       negative = 1;
+               } else if (prefix[0] != '!') {
+                       die ("Invalid search pattern: %s", prefix);
+               }
        }
 
        if (regcomp(&regex, prefix, REG_EXTENDED))
@@ -879,7 +889,7 @@ static int get_sha1_oneline(const char *prefix, unsigned char *sha1,
                        continue;
                buf = get_commit_buffer(commit, NULL);
                p = strstr(buf, "\n\n");
-               matches = p && !regexec(&regex, p + 2, 0, NULL, 0);
+               matches = negative ^ (p && !regexec(&regex, p + 2, 0, NULL, 0));
                unuse_commit_buffer(commit, buf);
 
                if (matches) {

diff --git a/t/t1511-rev-parse-caret.sh b/t/t1511-rev-parse-caret.sh
index b2f90bea6a8d353842e059e102f8f93d117e4266..8a5983fcd29d4bb36ef4590eff0adb0e817a6286 100755 (executable)
--- a/t/t1511-rev-parse-caret.sh
+++ b/t/t1511-rev-parse-caret.sh
@@ -26,7 +26,10 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
        git branch expref &&
        echo changed >>a-blob &&
        git add -u &&
-       git commit -m Changed
+       git commit -m Changed &&
+       echo changed-again >>a-blob &&
+       git add -u &&
+       git commit -m Changed-again
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'ref^{non-existent}' '
@@ -99,4 +102,30 @@ test_expect_success 'ref^{/!!Exp}' '
        test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'ref^{/!-}' '
+       test_must_fail git rev-parse master^{/!-}
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ref^{/!-.}' '
+       test_must_fail git rev-parse master^{/!-.}
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ref^{/!-non-existent}' '
+       git rev-parse master >expected &&
+       git rev-parse master^{/!-non-existent} >actual &&
+       test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ref^{/!-Changed}' '
+       git rev-parse expref >expected &&
+       git rev-parse master^{/!-Changed} >actual &&
+       test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ref^{/!-!Exp}' '
+       git rev-parse modref >expected &&
+       git rev-parse expref^{/!-!Exp} >actual &&
+       test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_done