"test \"\$(test-path-utils normalize_path_copy '$1')\" = '$2'"
 }
 
+relative_path() {
+       test_expect_success $4 "relative path: $1 $2 => $3" \
+       "test \"\$(test-path-utils relative_path '$1' '$2')\" = '$3'"
+}
+
 # On Windows, we are using MSYS's bash, which mangles the paths.
 # Absolute paths are anchored at the MSYS installation directory,
 # which means that the path / accounts for this many characters:
        test "$sym" = "$(test-path-utils real_path "$dir2/syml")"
 '
 
+relative_path /a/b/c/  /a/b/           c/
+relative_path /a/b/c/  /a/b            c/
+relative_path /a//b//c/        //a/b//         c/      POSIX
+relative_path /a/b     /a/b            .
+relative_path /a/b/    /a/b            .
+relative_path /a       /a/b            /a      POSIX
+relative_path /                /a/b/           /       POSIX
+relative_path /a/c     /a/b/           /a/c    POSIX
+relative_path /a/c     /a/b            /a/c    POSIX
+relative_path /x/y     /a/b/           /x/y    POSIX
+relative_path /a/b     "<empty>"       /a/b    POSIX
+relative_path /a/b     "<null>"        /a/b    POSIX
+relative_path a/b/c/   a/b/            c/
+relative_path a/b/c/   a/b             c/
+relative_path a/b//c   a//b            c
+relative_path a/b/     a/b/            .
+relative_path a/b/     a/b             .
+relative_path a                a/b             a       # TODO: should be: ..
+relative_path x/y      a/b             x/y     # TODO: should be: ../../x/y
+relative_path a/c      a/b             a/c     # TODO: should be: ../c
+relative_path a/b      "<empty>"       a/b
+relative_path a/b      "<null>"        a/b
+relative_path "<empty>"        /a/b            "(empty)"
+relative_path "<empty>"        "<empty>"       "(empty)"
+relative_path "<empty>"        "<null>"        "(empty)"
+relative_path "<null>" "<empty>"       "(null)"
+relative_path "<null>" "<null>"        "(null)"
+
+test_expect_failure 'relative path: <null> /a/b => segfault' '
+       test-path-utils relative_path "<null>" "/a/b"
+'
+
 test_done
 
        return 1;
 }
 
+static void normalize_argv_string(const char **var, const char *input)
+{
+       if (!strcmp(input, "<null>"))
+               *var = NULL;
+       else if (!strcmp(input, "<empty>"))
+               *var = "";
+       else
+               *var = input;
+
+       if (*var && (**var == '<' || **var == '('))
+               die("Bad value: %s\n", input);
+}
+
 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
        if (argc == 3 && !strcmp(argv[1], "normalize_path_copy")) {
                return 0;
        }
 
+       if (argc == 4 && !strcmp(argv[1], "relative_path")) {
+               const char *in, *prefix, *rel;
+               normalize_argv_string(&in, argv[2]);
+               normalize_argv_string(&prefix, argv[3]);
+               rel = relative_path(in, prefix);
+               if (!rel)
+                       puts("(null)");
+               else
+                       puts(strlen(rel) > 0 ? rel : "(empty)");
+               return 0;
+       }
+
        fprintf(stderr, "%s: unknown function name: %s\n", argv[0],
                argv[1] ? argv[1] : "(there was none)");
        return 1;