Andrew's git - notes.git/blob - chem/organic-reactions.tex

   1\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
   2\usepackage[dvipsnames, table]{xcolor}
   3\usepackage{amsmath}
   4\usepackage{amssymb}
   5\usepackage{chemfig}
   6\usepackage[a4paper,margin=2cm]{geometry}
   7\usepackage{mhchem}
   8\usepackage{tabularx}
   9\usepackage{tcolorbox}
  10\usepackage{wrapfig}
  11
  12\title{Organic Reactions}
  13\author{Andrew Lorimer}
  14\date{}
  15
  16\newcolumntype{L}[1]{>{\hsize=#1\hsize\raggedright\arraybackslash}X}%
  17\newcolumntype{R}[1]{>{\hsize=#1\hsize\raggedleft\arraybackslash}X}%
  18\definecolor{important}{HTML}{fc9871}
  19\newtcolorbox{warning}{colback=white!90!black, leftrule=3mm, colframe=important, coltext=important, fontupper=\sffamily\bfseries}
  20
  21\begin{document}
  22
  23\maketitle
  24
  25\subsubsection*{Alkanes}
  26
  27\begin{itemize}
  28  \item Combustion (oxidation)
  29  \item Substitution
  30  \begin{itemize}
  31    \item alcohol from haloalkane
  32    \item UV catalyst
  33  \end{itemize}  
  34\end{itemize}
  35
  36\subsubsection*{Alkenes}
  37
  38\begin{itemize}
  39  \item Combustion (oxidation)
  40  \item Addition
  41  \item Addition polymerisation
  42\end{itemize}
  43
  44\subsubsection*{Alcohols}
  45
  46\begin{itemize}
  47  \item Oxidation / combustion:
  48  \begin{itemize}
  49    \item primary alcohol \ce{->[{[O]}]} aldehyde \ce{->[{[O]}]} carboxylic acid
  50    \item secondary alcohol \ce{->[{[O]}]} ketone
  51    \item Catalysts: \ce{H+/MnO4- (aq)} or \ce{H+/Cr2O7{2-} (aq)}
  52  \end{itemize}
  53  \item Esterification with carboxylic acids (condensation)
  54\end{itemize}
  55
  56\subsubsection*{Carboxylic acids}
  57
  58\begin{itemize}
  59  \item Acid/base reactions:
  60  \begin{itemize}
  61    \item With \ce{-NH2}: \ce{carboxylic acid + amine -> ammonium salt ->[heat][dehydration] amide + H2O}
  62    \item With \ce{H2O}: \ce{RCOOH + H2O <=> RCOO- + H2O-}
  63  \end{itemize}
  64  \item Esterification with alcohols (condensation): \\
  65    \-\hspace{1em}\ce{carboxylic acid + alcohol -> ester + H2O}
  66\end{itemize}
  67
  68\subsubsection*{Esters}
  69
  70\begin{itemize}
  71  \item Hydrolysis (reverse of esterification): \\
  72    \-\hspace{1em}\ce{ester + water ->[catalyst] carboxylic acid + alcohol}
  73  \item Polyesters
  74\end{itemize}
  75
  76\end{document}