- **Dyphemism** - negative expressions (humiliating/disapproving)
- **Ad hominem** - personal attack
-## Example essays
+## Practice responses
+
+### *Pill testing: an indulgence for the elites* - Blake Young
+
+Young begins his piece with a blunt and firm statement, clearly affirming his contention in the first few words. This establishes a bold and confident tone for the author, intended to intimidate readers whilst also presenting a shocking and grabbing statement. Following this, the author expands by discussing general background information of the issue, which adds credibility to the later arguments. The addition context contributed by the second paragraph also broadens the potential audience by engaging those who are less educated or interested in the issue. The author then makes extensive use of metaphors to describe the "strange noise", and then makes a somehwat discriminating generalisation about the "doctors' wives of the leafy suburbs". In the next sentence, he clarifies this, intentionally enclosing the "war on drugs" in quote marks. This is meant to be diminuitive and demeaning towards the opposing idea.
At the start of the next paragraph, Young integrates his personal opinion into the debate ("I have no earthly idea"), whilst further discussing the war on drugs. He does this by guitling readers into submission, referring to "anyone paying attention". This is an example of the generalisation and exaggeration that Young frequnetly uses. Some brief satire supplements this attack with the metaphor of "pillows and nerf guns". This idea is then summarised with a more concise and firm statement criticising politicians - yet another ad hominem attack.